Selected Cases by Article & Issues

Article Preamble580 Cases
Article 1.117 Cases
Article 1.29 Cases
Article 1.37 Cases
Article 1.41 Cases
Article 1.50 Cases
Article 1.63 Cases
Article 1.770 Cases
Article 1.830 Cases
Article 1.911 Cases
Article 1.103 Cases
Article 1.111 Cases
Article 1.121 Cases
Article 2.1.18 Cases
Article 2.1.25 Cases
Article 2.1.31 Cases
Article 2.1.41 Cases
Article 2.1.50 Cases
Article 2.1.64 Cases
Article 2.1.70 Cases
Article 2.1.80 Cases
Article 2.1.90 Cases
Article 2.1.100 Cases
Article 2.1.116 Cases
Article 2.1.123 Cases
Article 2.1.134 Cases
Article 2.1.144 Cases
Article 2.1.1510 Cases
Article 2.1.162 Cases
Article 2.1.176 Cases
Article 2.1.1810 Cases
Article 2.1.195 Cases
Article 2.1.209 Cases
Article 2.1.216 Cases
Article 2.1.221 Cases
Article 2.2.10 Cases
Article 2.2.20 Cases
Article 2.2.30 Cases
Article 2.2.40 Cases
Article 2.2.51 Cases
Article 2.2.60 Cases
Article 2.2.70 Cases
Article 2.2.80 Cases
Article 2.2.90 Cases
Article 2.2.101 Cases
Article 3.1.10 Cases
Article 3.1.22 Cases
Article 3.1.32 Cases
Article 3.1.41 Cases
Article 3.2.12 Cases
Article 3.2.25 Cases
Article 3.2.30 Cases
Article 3.2.40 Cases
Article 3.2.56 Cases
Article 3.2.65 Cases
Article 3.2.710 Cases
Article 3.2.82 Cases
Article 3.2.92 Cases
Article 3.2.100 Cases
Article 3.2.111 Cases
Article 3.2.122 Cases
Article 3.2.131 Cases
Article 3.2.140 Cases
Article 3.2.150 Cases
Article 3.2.160 Cases
Article 3.2.170 Cases
Article 3.3.10 Cases
Article 3.3.22 Cases
Article 4.139 Cases
Article 4.215 Cases
Article 4.336 Cases
Article 4.48 Cases
Article 4.512 Cases
Article 4.619 Cases
Article 4.72 Cases
Article 4.88 Cases
Article 5.1.15 Cases
Article 5.1.212 Cases
Article 5.1.322 Cases
Article 5.1.49 Cases
Article 5.1.51 Cases
Article 5.1.61 Cases
Article 5.1.73 Cases
Article 5.1.84 Cases
Article 5.1.90 Cases
Article 5.2.10 Cases
Article 5.2.20 Cases
Article 5.2.30 Cases
Article 5.2.40 Cases
Article 5.2.50 Cases
Article 5.2.60 Cases
Article 5.3.10 Cases
Article 5.3.20 Cases
Article 5.3.30 Cases
Article 5.3.40 Cases
Article 5.3.50 Cases
Article 6.1.10 Cases
Article 6.1.20 Cases
Article 6.1.30 Cases
Article 6.1.42 Cases
Article 6.1.50 Cases
Article 6.1.63 Cases
Article 6.1.71 Cases
Article 6.1.82 Cases
Article 6.1.95 Cases
Article 6.1.100 Cases
Article 6.1.110 Cases
Article 6.1.122 Cases
Article 6.1.131 Cases
Article 6.1.142 Cases
Article 6.1.153 Cases
Article 6.1.161 Cases
Article 6.1.171 Cases
Article 6.2.110 Cases
Article 6.2.240 Cases
Article 6.2.330 Cases
Article 7.1.112 Cases
Article 7.1.23 Cases
Article 7.1.311 Cases
Article 7.1.43 Cases
Article 7.1.52 Cases
Article 7.1.64 Cases
Article 7.1.730 Cases
Article 7.2.13 Cases
Article 7.2.25 Cases
Article 7.2.30 Cases
Article 7.2.40 Cases
Article 7.2.51 Cases
Article 7.3.129 Cases
Article 7.3.26 Cases
Article 7.3.33 Cases
Article 7.3.41 Cases
Article 7.3.56 Cases
Article 7.3.69 Cases
Article 7.3.75 Cases
Article 7.4.123 Cases
Article 7.4.229 Cases
Article 7.4.337 Cases
Article 7.4.415 Cases
Article 7.4.56 Cases
Article 7.4.64 Cases
Article 7.4.710 Cases
Article 7.4.816 Cases
Article 7.4.942 Cases
Article 7.4.104 Cases
Article 7.4.111 Cases
Article 7.4.122 Cases
Article 7.4.1312 Cases
Article 8.10 Cases

(1) Where two parties owe each other money or other performances of the same kind, either of them ("the first party") may set off its obligation against that of its obligee ("the other party") if at the time of set-off,
(a) the first party is entitled to perform its obligation;
(b) the other party"s obligation is ascertained as to its existence and amount and performance is due.
(2) If the obligations of both parties arise from the same contract, the first party may also set off its obligation against an obligation of the other party which is not ascertained as to its existence or to its amount.

Number Issue # Cases
1 Conditions of set-off in general
1.1 Parties’ mutual obligations to each other
1.1.1 Obligations must be held in the same capacity
1.1.2 In case of assignment of rights (see art. 9.1.3)
1.1.3 In case of transfer of obligations (see art. 9.2.7)
1.2 Obligations of the same kind
1.2.1 Monetary obligations
1.2.2 Non monetary obligations
1.2.3 Cash and securities
1.2.4 Obligations of a personal nature
1.3 First party’s obligation performable
1.4 Other party’s obligation ascertained
1.4.1 As to existence
1.4.2 As to amount
1.5 Other party’s obligation due
1.5.1 Time for performance not yet arrived
1.5.2 Natural or moral obligation
1.5.3 Obligation suject to a condition
1.5.4 Time-barred obligation (see art. 10.11)
1.5.5 Other cases
2 Special case where obligations arise from the same contract
2.1 Other party’s obligation need not be ascertained as to existence or amount
3 Set-off by agreement
3.1 Netting agreements
Article 8.20 Cases
Article 8.30 Cases
Article 8.40 Cases
Article 8.50 Cases
Article 9.1.10 Cases
Article 9.1.20 Cases
Article 9.1.30 Cases
Article 9.1.41 Cases
Article 9.1.51 Cases
Article 9.1.60 Cases
Article 9.1.70 Cases
Article 9.1.81 Cases
Article 9.1.91 Cases
Article 9.1.102 Cases
Article 9.1.110 Cases
Article 9.1.121 Cases
Article 9.1.131 Cases
Article 9.1.140 Cases
Article 9.1.150 Cases
Article 9.2.12 Cases
Article 9.2.20 Cases
Article 9.2.31 Cases
Article 9.2.40 Cases
Article 9.2.52 Cases
Article 9.2.60 Cases
Article 9.2.70 Cases
Article 9.2.80 Cases
Article 9.3.10 Cases
Article 9.3.20 Cases
Article 9.3.32 Cases
Article 9.3.42 Cases
Article 9.3.50 Cases
Article 9.3.60 Cases
Article 9.3.70 Cases
Article 10.11 Cases
Article 10.25 Cases
Article 10.30 Cases
Article 10.41 Cases
Article 10.50 Cases
Article 10.61 Cases
Article 10.70 Cases
Article 10.80 Cases
Article 10.92 Cases
Article 10.100 Cases
Article 10.110 Cases
Article 11.1.12 Cases
Article 11.1.20 Cases
Article 11.1.32 Cases
Article 11.1.40 Cases
Article 11.1.50 Cases
Article 11.1.60 Cases
Article 11.1.70 Cases
Article 11.1.80 Cases
Article 11.1.90 Cases
Article 11.1.100 Cases
Article 11.1.110 Cases
Article 11.1.120 Cases
Article 11.1.130 Cases
Article 11.2.11 Cases
Article 11.2.20 Cases
Article 11.2.30 Cases
Article 11.2.40 Cases