Selected Cases by Article & Issues

Article Preamble571 Cases
Article 1.117 Cases
Article 1.29 Cases
Article 1.37 Cases
Article 1.41 Cases
Article 1.50 Cases
Article 1.63 Cases
Article 1.769 Cases
Article 1.828 Cases
Article 1.911 Cases
Article 1.103 Cases
Article 1.111 Cases
Article 1.121 Cases
Article 2.1.18 Cases
Article 2.1.25 Cases
Article 2.1.31 Cases
Article 2.1.41 Cases
Article 2.1.50 Cases
Article 2.1.64 Cases
Article 2.1.70 Cases
Article 2.1.80 Cases
Article 2.1.90 Cases
Article 2.1.100 Cases
Article 2.1.116 Cases
Article 2.1.123 Cases
Article 2.1.134 Cases
Article 2.1.144 Cases
Article 2.1.1510 Cases
Article 2.1.162 Cases
Article 2.1.176 Cases
Article 2.1.1810 Cases
Article 2.1.195 Cases
Article 2.1.209 Cases
Article 2.1.216 Cases
Article 2.1.221 Cases
Article 2.2.10 Cases
Article 2.2.20 Cases
Article 2.2.30 Cases

(1) Where an agent acts whithin the scope of its authority and the third party knew or ought to have known that the agent was acting as an agent, the acts of the agent shall directly affect the legal relations between the principal and the third party and no legal relation is created between the agent and the third party.
(2) However, the acts of the agent shall affect only the relations between the agent and the third party, where the agent with the consent of the principal undertakes to become the party to the contract

Number Issue # Cases
1 Disclosed agency
1.1 Third party’s actual or constructive knowledge of agent's acting as agent
1.2 Agent's acting in the name of principal irrelevant
2 Agent's acts directly binding principal vis-à-vis third party
2.1 Exceptions
2.1.1 “commission agent”
Article 2.2.40 Cases
Article 2.2.51 Cases
Article 2.2.60 Cases
Article 2.2.70 Cases
Article 2.2.80 Cases
Article 2.2.90 Cases
Article 2.2.101 Cases
Article 3.1.10 Cases
Article 3.1.22 Cases
Article 3.1.32 Cases
Article 3.1.41 Cases
Article 3.2.12 Cases
Article 3.2.25 Cases
Article 3.2.30 Cases
Article 3.2.40 Cases
Article 3.2.56 Cases
Article 3.2.64 Cases
Article 3.2.710 Cases
Article 3.2.82 Cases
Article 3.2.92 Cases
Article 3.2.100 Cases
Article 3.2.111 Cases
Article 3.2.122 Cases
Article 3.2.131 Cases
Article 3.2.140 Cases
Article 3.2.150 Cases
Article 3.2.160 Cases
Article 3.2.170 Cases
Article 3.3.10 Cases
Article 3.3.22 Cases
Article 4.138 Cases
Article 4.215 Cases
Article 4.335 Cases
Article 4.47 Cases
Article 4.511 Cases
Article 4.618 Cases
Article 4.72 Cases
Article 4.88 Cases
Article 5.1.15 Cases
Article 5.1.212 Cases
Article 5.1.322 Cases
Article 5.1.49 Cases
Article 5.1.50 Cases
Article 5.1.61 Cases
Article 5.1.73 Cases
Article 5.1.84 Cases
Article 5.1.90 Cases
Article 5.2.10 Cases
Article 5.2.20 Cases
Article 5.2.30 Cases
Article 5.2.40 Cases
Article 5.2.50 Cases
Article 5.2.60 Cases
Article 5.3.10 Cases
Article 5.3.20 Cases
Article 5.3.30 Cases
Article 5.3.40 Cases
Article 5.3.50 Cases
Article 6.1.10 Cases
Article 6.1.20 Cases
Article 6.1.30 Cases
Article 6.1.42 Cases
Article 6.1.50 Cases
Article 6.1.63 Cases
Article 6.1.71 Cases
Article 6.1.82 Cases
Article 6.1.95 Cases
Article 6.1.100 Cases
Article 6.1.110 Cases
Article 6.1.122 Cases
Article 6.1.131 Cases
Article 6.1.142 Cases
Article 6.1.153 Cases
Article 6.1.161 Cases
Article 6.1.171 Cases
Article 6.2.110 Cases
Article 6.2.240 Cases
Article 6.2.330 Cases
Article 7.1.112 Cases
Article 7.1.23 Cases
Article 7.1.311 Cases
Article 7.1.43 Cases
Article 7.1.52 Cases
Article 7.1.64 Cases
Article 7.1.730 Cases
Article 7.2.13 Cases
Article 7.2.25 Cases
Article 7.2.30 Cases
Article 7.2.40 Cases
Article 7.2.51 Cases
Article 7.3.128 Cases
Article 7.3.26 Cases
Article 7.3.33 Cases
Article 7.3.41 Cases
Article 7.3.55 Cases
Article 7.3.69 Cases
Article 7.3.75 Cases
Article 7.4.122 Cases
Article 7.4.228 Cases
Article 7.4.334 Cases
Article 7.4.415 Cases
Article 7.4.55 Cases
Article 7.4.64 Cases
Article 7.4.710 Cases
Article 7.4.816 Cases
Article 7.4.941 Cases
Article 7.4.103 Cases
Article 7.4.111 Cases
Article 7.4.122 Cases
Article 7.4.1312 Cases
Article 8.10 Cases
Article 8.20 Cases
Article 8.30 Cases
Article 8.40 Cases
Article 8.50 Cases
Article 9.1.10 Cases
Article 9.1.20 Cases
Article 9.1.30 Cases
Article 9.1.41 Cases
Article 9.1.51 Cases
Article 9.1.60 Cases
Article 9.1.70 Cases
Article 9.1.81 Cases
Article 9.1.91 Cases
Article 9.1.102 Cases
Article 9.1.110 Cases
Article 9.1.121 Cases
Article 9.1.131 Cases
Article 9.1.140 Cases
Article 9.1.150 Cases
Article 9.2.12 Cases
Article 9.2.20 Cases
Article 9.2.31 Cases
Article 9.2.40 Cases
Article 9.2.52 Cases
Article 9.2.60 Cases
Article 9.2.70 Cases
Article 9.2.80 Cases
Article 9.3.10 Cases
Article 9.3.20 Cases
Article 9.3.32 Cases
Article 9.3.42 Cases
Article 9.3.50 Cases
Article 9.3.60 Cases
Article 9.3.70 Cases
Article 10.11 Cases
Article 10.24 Cases
Article 10.30 Cases
Article 10.41 Cases
Article 10.50 Cases
Article 10.61 Cases
Article 10.70 Cases
Article 10.80 Cases
Article 10.92 Cases
Article 10.100 Cases
Article 10.110 Cases
Article 11.1.12 Cases
Article 11.1.20 Cases
Article 11.1.32 Cases
Article 11.1.40 Cases
Article 11.1.50 Cases
Article 11.1.60 Cases
Article 11.1.70 Cases
Article 11.1.80 Cases
Article 11.1.90 Cases
Article 11.1.100 Cases
Article 11.1.110 Cases
Article 11.1.120 Cases
Article 11.1.130 Cases
Article 11.2.11 Cases
Article 11.2.20 Cases
Article 11.2.30 Cases
Article 11.2.40 Cases