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 (1) In cases not within articles 67 and 68, the risk passes to the buyer when he takes over the goods or, if he does not do so in due time, from the time when the goods are placed at his disposal and he commits a breach of contract by failing to take delivery.

(2) However, if the buyer is bound to take over the goods at a place other than a place of business of the seller, the risk passes when delivery is due and the buyer is aware of the fact that the goods are placed at his disposal at that place.

(3) If the contract relates to goods not then identified, the goods are considered not to be placed at the disposal of the buyer until they are clearly identified to the contract.


Author Title Publisher
ANGELICI, C. La disciplina del passaggio dei rischi AA.VV., LA VENDITA INTERNAZIONALE, ATTI CONVEGNO S. MARGHERITA LIGURE (26-28 SETT. 1980), QUADERNI GIUR. COMM. 39 (MILANO, GIUFFRE), 1981, 211-240
BERMAN, H. / LADD, M. Risk of Loss or Damage in Documentary Transactions Under the Convention on the International Sale of Goods (Cornell Symposium) 21 CORNELL INTERNATIONAL LAW JOURNAL 423-437 (1988)
BUCHER, E. Gefahrenübergang (Lausanner Kolloquium 19/20.11.1984) WIENER ÜBEREINKOMMEN VON 1980 ÜBER DEN INTERNATIONALEN WARENKAUF, SCHWEIZERISCHES INSTITUT FÜR RECHTSVERGLEICHUNG (ZÜRICH), 1985, 207-218
DERAINS, Y., Transfer des risques de livraison (Colloque Paris 1/2.12.1989) DERAINS, Y. / GHESTIN, J. (eds.) LA CONVENTION DE VIENNE SUR LA VENTE INTERNATIONALE ET LES INCOTERMS (PARIS), 1990, 171
ERAUW J., CISG articles 66-70: the risk of loss and passing it in: The Journal of Law and Commerce, Vol. 25, Issue 1, 2005, pp. 133-146
FURTAK, O., UN-Kaufrecht und EKG: Gefahrtragung beim Versendungskauf JAHRBUCH FÜR ITALIENISCHES RECHT (HEIDELBERG) 1990, 127-133
GEIST, R., Die Gefahrtragung nach dem UN-Übereinkommen über den internationalen Warenkauf WIRTSCHAFTSRECHTLICHE BLÄTTER, 1989, 349-356
GUSTIN M., Le transfert des risques et l'impossibilité d'exécution dans la CVIM Revue de Droit des Affaires Internationales / International Business Law Journal, n. 3/4, 2001, 379-400
HAGER G. Arts. 66-70 CISG in: Schlechtriem P. / Schwenzer I. (eds.), Commentary on the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG), 2nd ed., Oxford University Press, Oxford 2005, 676-700
HAGER G. Artt. 66-70 CISG in: SCHLECHTRIEM P. / SCHWENZER I. (eds.), Kommentar zum Einheitlichen UN-Kaufrecht, 4th ed., C.H. Beck, München 2004, 635-656
HAGER, G., Die Gefahrtragung beim Kauf - Eine rechtsvergleichende Untersuchung (Frankfurt) 1982
HAGER, G., Gefahrtragung nach UN-Kaufrecht im Vergleich zu EKG und BGB SCHLECHTRIEM, P. (ed.), EINHEITLICHES KAUFRECHT UND NAT. OBLIGATIONENRECHT (FACHTAGUNG FREIBURG I. BR. 16-17/2/1987) (BADEN-BADEN), 1987, 387-411
HOFFMANN VON, B., Passing of Risk in International Sales of Goods SARCEVIC, P. / VOLKEN, P. (eds.), INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS, DUBROVNIK LECTURES (NEW YORK, OCEANA), 1986, 265-303
HONNOLD, J.O., Risk of Loss GALSTON, N.M. / SMIT H. (eds.), INTERNATIONAL SALES (CONFERNCE AT PARKER SCHOOL) (NEW YORK, MATTHEW BENDER), 1984, ch. 8
LINDACKER, W.F., Gefahrtragung und Gefahrübergang HOYER, H. / POSCH, W. (eds.), DAS EINHEITLICHE WIENER KAUFRECHT (WIEN), 1992, 165-176
NICHOLAS B. Arts. 66-70 CISG in: BIANCA C.M. / BONELL M.J. (eds.), Commentary on the International Sales Law, Giuffrè, Milano 1987, 483-511
RAMBERG J., To what extent do INCOTERMS 2000 vary articles 67(2), 68 and 69? in: The Journal of Law and Commerce, Vol. 25, Issue 1, 2005, pp. 219-222
ROTH, P.M., The Passing of Risk 27 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE LAW 291-310 (1979)
SCHMUTZ, P., Die Gefahrentragung beim Kaufvertrag nach schweizerischem und UNCITRAL-Kaufrecht (Diss. Basel 1983), 132 p.
SCHÖNLE, H., Réflexions sur le transfert des risques dans la vente internationale INSTITUT DE DROIT BANCAIRE ET DE DROIT COMMERCIAL (ed.), MELANGES A LA MEMOIRE DU PROFESSEUR HALûK TANDOGAN (ANKARA), 1990, 259-281
SEVON, L., Passing of Risk (Lausanner Kolloquium 19./20.11.1984) WIENER ÜBEREINKOMMEN VON 1980 ÜBER DEN INTERNATIONALEN WARENKAUF, SCHWEIZERISCHES INSTITUT FÜR RECHTSVERGLEICHUNG (ZÜRICH), 1985, 191-206
STOCKS, M., Risk of Loss under the UCC and the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods: A Comparative Analysis and proposed Revision of UCC Sects. 2-509 and 2-510 (Student Note)
VALIOTI Z., Passing of risk in international sale contracts: a comparative examination of the rules on risk under the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (Vienna 1980) and INCOTERMS 2000 in Nordic Journal of Commercial Law, 2004/2
WINSHIP P. Articles 66-77 CISG in: Ferrari F. / Flechtner H. / Brand R. (eds.), The Draft UNCITRAL Digest and Beyond: Cases, Analysis and Unresolved Issues in the U.N. Sales Convention, München (Sellier, European Law Publishers GmbH) / London (Sweet & Maxwell), 2004, 753-809